1. Meat or meat alternates are necessary to avoid protein deficiency

2. Be careful about those people who are vulnerable criticism.

3. A dove is an emblem of peace.

4. The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly disturbed, Most frequently by human intervention.

5. Consider the universal cannibalism of the sea, all of whose creatures prey on one another.

6. Even though they tended to be hostile to strangers, fifteenth century Europeans did not automatically associate foreignness and danger.

7. Researchers have demonstrated not only that gravitational radiation exists but that it also does exactly what theory predicted it should do.

8. Your rude reply was an affront to his pride.

9. We saw the rainbow as the storm began to subside.

10. We enjoyed the varied cuisine and the excellent theater in New York.

12. “Why did you come to class late?”
“I came late ….. the heavy rain.”

21. You can’t see an image if it………The blind spots of your eyes.

22. If you……………studying harder, you will fail the final exam.

23. I heard that ………………..to Washington D.C d in august is a bad idea.

Passage 1: Your eyes are about three inches apart, It is the reason why you see the world in three dimensions. The separation gives your eyes two slightly different views of every scene you encounter. In the brain’s visual cortex, these views are compared, and the overlap is translated into a stereoptic picture. To estimate relative instances, your brain takes a reading of the tension in your eyes muscles. But you only see in 3-D up to about 200 feet. Beyond that, you might as well be one-eyed, your eyes are not far enough apart to give two very different views over long distances. Instead, you rely on experience to judge where things are; the brain looks for clues and makes its best guess. For example, it knows that near objects overlap far ones; that bright objects are closer than dim ones; and that large objects are nearer than small ones. These “monocular cues” are what painters use to trick us into thinking a flat canvas is three-dimensional and miles deep. That’s why paintings are much more convincing if you close one eye: Your brain hunts down all the clues the painter has dropped. But when both of your eyes are open, the brain gets more information and mixed signals. The paint may say miles, but the muscles in your eyes say inches. All of this fancy eye work is second nature to us, but it is learned. “Other cultures don’t perceive pictures the same way we do, “says J. Anthony Movshon, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology at New York University. “For example, primitive people don’t always think bigger means nearer. It’s our Western way of seeing things, and it’s a way of seeing that we’ve learned”.

24. The primary purpose of the passage is to explain.
a) how we see in three dimensions.
b) the difference between Western and primitive cultures.
c) the use of 3-D paintings
d) why your eyes are three inches apart.

25. As used in the passage, stereoptic means………

26. 3-D vision would be most useful in looking at which of the following?
a) a distant mountain range
b) the scenes in visual contexts
c) clouds
d) paintings

27. The author mentions cultural differences in perception to support his point that ……
a) bigger means nearer
b) fancy eye work is second nature
c) we get mixed signals from paintings
d) perception is learned

Passage 2: Traditional research has confronted only Mexican and United States interpretations of Mexican-American culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally, a conquered people – a charter minority on our own land. When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they intermarried with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early 1800’s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican life and government. In the 1820’s, United States citizens migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton. As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of acquiring land by subduing native populations began to dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly, culminating in a military conflict that led to victory for the United States. Thus, suddenly deprived of our parent culture, we head to evolve uniquely Mexican-American modes of thought and action in order to survive.

28. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is primarily to………….
a) suggest the motives behind Mexican and United States intervention in Texas
b) provide a historical perspective of Mexican-American culture
c) document certain early objectives of Mexican-American society
d) bring to light acculturation occurred Mexico